Turkmenistan has reopened to tourists, but the visa process remains unique. Learn how to apply for a visa to Turkmenistan, what documents are required, and what to consider when planning your trip.
How to get a visa for Turkmenistan
The most reliable way to obtain a visa is to book a tour through a licensed tour operator. After booking, you must apply for a Letter of Invitation. With an approved L.O.I., you can receive your visa at an embassy or upon arrival at Ashgabat Airport and certain land border crossings.
Obtaining the letter of invitation
The L.O.I. approval process takes three to four weeks. To apply, you must submit:
— a color copy of your passport
— one color photograph
— a completed application form with personal details, marital status, employment or education information, travel itinerary, and other relevant information
It is recommended to start the process at least one month before your trip — ideally three months in advance.
Visa requirements
To obtain a visa, you must have:
— an approved L.O.I.
— a valid entry ticket
— registration with the immigration department
— a representative to meet you at the border
— hotel reservation
— a guide accompanying you throughout your trip
Since it is impossible to fulfill all these requirements independently, working with a travel agency is mandatory.
Visa cost
The visa fee ranges from 50 to 150 USD, depending on the applicant’s nationality and processing speed. Payment is made in cash at the embassy, Ashgabat Airport, or land borders.
The fee for the L.O.I. should be confirmed with your tour operator.
Where to get a visa
Tourists can obtain a visa:
— at any Turkmen embassy or consulate abroad
— upon arrival at Ashgabat Airport
— at land border crossings: Alat in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Shavat in Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khojeyli in Nukus, Uzbekistan, Gaudan in Iran, and Temir-Baba in Kazakhstan.
Visas are not issued at the Serakhs in Iran, Serhetabat in Afghanistan, or Turkmenbashi in Caspian Sea port borders.
Transit visa
A transit visa is required even for short layovers in Turkmenistan. Key points:
— an L.O.I. is not required
— transit visas can only be obtained at consulates
— you must provide a valid visa for your destination country and travel tickets
Transit visas are not issued upon arrival at Ashgabat Airport or land borders.