Uzbekistan, with its diverse landscapes ranging from deserts to mountains, wetlands, and lush valleys, offers a wealth of ecotourism opportunities. Whether you're an adventure enthusiast, a birdwatcher, or someone keen to immerse yourself in the country’s rich cultural traditions, Uzbekistan has something for everyone. Here are some of the top ecotourism experiences which connect visitors with the natural beauty and heritage of this fascinating country. This is a new article by our author Sophie Ibbotson. You can read her previous story about why Nukus is Central Asia’s most unexpected art destination via the link.
Sophie Ibbotson, Uzbekistan Tourism Ambassador to the UK, @uzambassador
Yurt stays at Aydarkul
Location: Aydarkul, Navoi and Jizzakh Regions
For Uzbekistan's most authentic nomadic experience, spend the night in a traditional yurt by Aydarkul. Located in the heart of the Kyzylkum — Red Desert, this serene manmade lake is surrounded by sand dunes, reed beds, and scrub, creating a tranquil and picturesque environment. Safari Yurt Camp, an eco-friendly camp, offers guests a chance to experience life as Kazakh nomads once did. The yurts are decorated in traditional Kazakh style, providing comfort while maintaining a strong connection to the region's cultural heritage.
Guided tours of the desert often include a chance to spot wildlife such as gazelles and birds, many of which nest at Aydarkul during migration season. Evenings at the camp are often filled with traditional folk music and delicious meals, offering a true taste of local culture and hospitality. And as night falls, the absence of light pollution makes Aydarkul one of the best places in Uzbekistan for stargazing.
Birdwatching at Badai Tugai Nature Reserve
Location: Southern Karakalpakstan
Badai Tugai — also known as the Lower Amudarya Biosphere Reserve, is located along the Amu Darya River in Karakalpakstan and is an ideal destination for birdwatching. The riparian vegetation of the reserve is an ecosystem which includes over 90 bird species, many of which — like the Siberian Crane — are rare and endangered. There are also fascinating mammal species to spot, including the Bactrian deer which have been brought back from the brink of extinction.
While the reserve can be seen on foot, visitors can also explore the reserve’s riverine ecosystems by boat, where they may encounter other wildlife such as wild boars, foxes, and various reptiles. The lush environment provides a peaceful retreat for those wishing to connect with nature while learning about the efforts to conserve these delicate ecosystems.
Hiking in Zaamin National Park
Image credit: Uzbekistan.Travel
Location: Zaamin Mountain Range, Jizzakh Region
Zaamin National Park is one of Uzbekistan’s most biodiverse areas, making it a must-visit for nature lovers. Spanning over 40 000 hectares, the park boasts more than 700 plant species and a variety of mammals, including snow leopards, Asiatic black bears, and wild boars. The park’s varied landscapes — ranging from lush forests to alpine meadows — offer a perfect setting for hiking and wildlife observation.
Zaamin is also home to several eco-friendly guesthouses and hotels, where visitors can stay overnight and enjoy meals prepared with local ingredients. Whether you’re trekking through the mountains or simply relaxing amidst the tranquil scenery, Zaamin National Park offers an ideal setting for ecotourism.
Cultural immersion in Sentob Village
Location: Nuratau Mountains, Navoi Region
For those looking to experience rural life and connect with local communities, a visit to Sentob Village is a truly rewarding experience. Nestled in the picturesque Nuratau Mountains, Sentob offers visitors a chance to stay with local families in eco-friendly homes made from natural materials such as clay and straw. This provides an opportunity to learn about traditional farming practices, local cooking techniques, and cultural customs.
During your stay, you can participate in sustainable farming activities, such as growing vegetables or tending to livestock. You’ll also enjoy hearty, home-cooked meals made from organic ingredients. The surrounding mountains also offer great hiking opportunities, with trails that take you through valleys and past ancient petroglyphs that provide a glimpse into the region’s history.
Exploring Sarmishsay Gorge
Location: Karatau Mountains, Navoi Region
Sarmishsay Gorge, located in the Karatau Mountains, is one of Uzbekistan’s most significant archaeological sites. The gorge is home to over 4000 petroglyphs — rock carvings from the Bronze Age which depict animals, scenes of hunting, and ancient rituals. These carvings offer fascinating insights into the early human history of the region and are a must-see for both history enthusiasts and nature lovers.
Visitors can explore the gorge on foot, taking in both the stunning natural scenery and the ancient artwork. The hike is relatively easy and suitable for all levels, making it an accessible way to experience both the natural beauty and the rich history of the area.
Camel trekking in the Kyzylkum
Location: Kyzylkum, Navoi and Khorezm Regions
A camel trek across the vast Kyzylkum is one of the most memorable ecotourism experiences you can have in Uzbekistan. The desert, which stretches across large parts of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan, offers a unique opportunity to explore one of the world’s most remote and peaceful landscapes. Camel trekking is an eco-friendly way to navigate the shifting sand dunes and discover the serene beauty of the desert, whilst at the same time mirroring the journeys of Silk Road merchants.
Tour operators in the region offer guided camel treks, taking visitors through the heart of the desert. You’ll grow close to your Bactrian camel, and along the waymay encounter desert wildlife such as foxes, gazelles, and a variety of bird species. Campfire nights in traditional yurts or tents provide the perfect opportunity to relax and enjoy traditional Uzbek cuisine under the stars.
Fishing and eco-tours in Khorezm
Location: Khorezm Region
The Khorezm National Nature Park in north-western Uzbekistan is an important ecological area which encompasses wetlands, desert landscapes, and riverine ecosystems. The park is known for its diverse birdlife, with many migratory species passing through the area during the autumn and spring. The park’s unique mix of wetlands and desert makes it an ideal spot for eco-tours.
One of the best ways to experience the area is through sustainable fishing, which is still a tradition in Khorezm. Visitors can join local fishing activities, using traditional methods that are in harmonious balance with the natural environment. Eco-tours also offer the chance to explore the region’s rich agricultural history and learn about sustainable farming practices that have been passed down through generations.
Kayaking on the Anhor Canal in Tashkent
Image credit: Pip & the City
Location: Tashkent City
For a more leisurely ecotourism experience within Uzbekistan’s capital, kayaking on the Anhor Canal is a fantastic option. The canal, which winds through the city, offers a peaceful escape from the bustle of urban life. Kayaking allows visitors to explore Tashkent’s greenery from a unique perspective, gliding past parks, willow trees, and poplar groves. This activity is perfect for those seeking a more relaxed way to connect with nature, and it offers a refreshing alternative to the usual sightseeing tours.
Uzbekistan’s range of ecotourism experiences offer unforgettable opportunities to explore its diverse natural landscapes, connect with local communities, and engage in sustainable travel practices. Whether you’re hiking through pristine mountains, stargazing in the desert, or learning about ancient traditions in rural villages, Uzbekistan provides a wealth of experiences for eco-conscious travellers eager to discover its natural and cultural treasures.